Origins of Pressure Ulcers

Rodney McCarthy, ATS

Pro-Tech Medical

931-388-3766

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ORIGINS OF PRESSURE ULCERS

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There are many factors that contribute to the development of pressure ulcers. External forces applied to a localized area are considered to be the primary cause. With application of external pressure, the normal flow of blood and oxygen to tissue in that area is reduced. If this situation is sustained, changes occur in the tissue cells, and these changes eventually lead to the death of the cells. Individuals who have limited movement and lie in bed or sit in a wheelchair for prolonged periods generate compression forces that reduce the blood supply to the tissues and make the individuals prone to pressure ulcers.

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The areas that most commonly develop pressure ulcers are the tissues over weight-bearing bony prominences. The reason for the high incidence of pressure ulcers over bony prominences relates back to the principle discussed earlier that states that any force applied over a small area generates more pressure than the same force applied over a larger area. The amount of external pressure sufficient to restrict the blood flow enough to cause tissue damage has been a point of discussion over the years.

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Individuals who are bedridden or in a wheelchair and have limited ability to reposition themselves are at risk of developing pressure ulcers. It is estimated that more than 50% of individuals with spinal cord injury will encounter some type of tissue breakdown during their lifetime.

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If there is a risk for a pressure ulcer, a proper pressure managemet plan should be put into place. This plan should include a wheelchair and seating prescription for pressure distribution, postural alignment, and stability - a pressure relief program - dietary instruction and adequate nutrition - instruction in proper transferring and lifting techniques - maintenance of good personal hygiene and skin care.

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Information provided by - Assistive Technologies, Principles and Practice, Second Edition, Authors Cook & Hussey, Published by Mosby - available on amazon.com

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If you or a family member is at risk for a pressure ulcer, call us today. We can perform a risk assessment free of charge. Pro-Tech Medical - 931-388-3766